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Solar-powered asteroids make their own moons
Most asteroids with moonlets started off as solitary bodies that split in two while sunbathing, new computer simulations suggest.
Once thought to be rare, dozens of binary asteroid systems – kilometre-sized rocks orbited by small moonlets – have been found in the main belt between Mars and Jupiter since the first asteroid pair was spotted by the Galileo spacecraft in 1993. And 15% of all near-Earth asteroids, which cross Earth's orbit, boast satellites.
Various theories have been proposed to explain how they formed. One suggests the pairs were created by collisions between older asteroids, but because of the huge distances between objects in space, such impacts are very rare.
Collisions may account for some large pairs of asteroids in the main belt, where asteroids orbit for billions of years, but the smaller near-Earth asteroids are much more likely to crash into the Sun or one of the inner planets before colliding with each other.
Source Of The Most Common Meteorites Discovered
ScienceDaily (July 10, 2008) — When observing with the GEMINI telescopes, two astronomers from Brazil and the United States discovered for the first time asteroids that are similar to “ordinary chondrites”, the most common meteorites found on Earth. Until now, astronomers have failed to identify their asteroidal sources because of the various geologic processes that occur after the meteorites are ejected from their asteroidal parent body.
Astronomy & Astrophysics is publishing the first discovery by T. Mothé-Diniz (Brazil) and D. Nesvorný (USA) of asteroids with a spectrum similar to that of ordinary chondrites, the meteoritic material that most resembles the composition of our Sun. Most of the meteorites that we collect on Earth come from the main belt of asteroids located between Mars and Jupiter [1]. They were ejected from their asteroidal “parent body” after a collision, were injected into a new orbit, and they finally felt onto the Earth. Meteorites are a major tool for knowing the history of the solar system because their composition is a record of past geologic processes that occurred while they were still incorporated in the parent asteroid.
NASA Finds New Type Of Comet Dust Mineral
NASA Finds New Type Of Comet Dust Mineral
ScienceDaily (Jun. 17, 2008) — NASA researchers and scientists from the United States, Germany and Japan have found a new mineral in material that likely came from a comet.
The mineral, a manganese silicide named Brownleeite, was discovered within an interplanetary dust particle, or IDP, that appears to have originated from comet 26P/Grigg-Skjellerup. The comet originally was discovered in 1902 and reappears every 5 years. The team that made the discovery is headed by Keiko Nakamura-Messenger, a space scientist at NASA's Johnson Space Center in Houston.
"When I saw this mineral for the first time, I immediately knew this was something no one had seen before," said Nakamura-Messenger. "But it took several more months to obtain conclusive data because these mineral grains were only 1/10,000 of an inch in size."
A new method of collecting IDPs was suggested by Scott Messenger, another Johnson space scientist. He predicted comet 26P/Grigg-Skjellerup was a source of dust grains that could be captured in Earth's stratosphere at a specific time of the year.
